Fig. 1
From: Role of exosomes in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetic nephropathy
Biogenesis of extracellular vesicles (exosomes, microvesicles). Exosomes, (30–150) nm in diameter, are produced by the budding of early endosomes into the lumen, forming MVBs, which contain several ILVs. MVBs have two fates: 1-fusion of MVBs with the plasma membrane, and the ILVs are released into the extracellular space as exosomes, or 2-degradation by fusion of MVBs with lysosomes. Microvesicles (MVs), (150–1000) nm in diameter, are produced by direct outward budding of the cell membrane. Created in https://biorender.com