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Fig. 1 | BMC Nephrology

Fig. 1

From: Treatment of insomnia, restless legs, cramps, and pain associated with chronic kidney disease: results from a multinational survey of kidney supportive care practice

Fig. 1

Use of therapies for insomnia, RLS, neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain, and cramps. Additional pharmacotherapies were indicated by free text, with number of respondents in parentheses. Insomnia: quetiapine (1). RLS: magnesium (2), methadone (1), quinine (1). Non-neuropathic pain: non-steroidal anti-inflammatories (if anuric) (2), alfentanil (1), cannabinoids (1), dihydrocodeine (1), intranasal fentanyl (1), ketamine (1). Neuropathic pain: Topical lignocaine (3), carbamazepine (2), buprenorphine (1), cannabinoids (1), ketamine (1), methadone (1), mexilitine (1), tapentadol (1), topical capsaicin (1), topical menthol (1). Cramps: clonazepam (5), intravenous dextrose (during hemodialysis) (4), pregabalin (3), magnesium (Epsom salts) (1), quinine (tonic water) (2), vitamin B complex (1). NGV, normalised generalised variance; RLS, restless leg syndrome

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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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