Fig. 2
From: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions in acute kidney injury: a literature review
Interlinkages among mechanisms underlying AKI. Abbreviations: ROS: Reactive oxygen species; AngII: Angiotensin II; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-kappa B; IκB: Inhibitor of NF-Κb; TLR: Toll-like receptor; TXNIP: Thioredoxin-interacting protein; IL: Interleukin; C3a: Complement Components 3a; NLRP3: NOD-like receptor family, Pyrin domain containing 3; ER: Endoplasmic reticulum; AP-1: Activator protein-1; AKI: Acute kidney injury