Table 2 Results of included studies
First Author (Year) | Intervention | Comparator | Outcome | Odds Ratio (95%CI) | Percent Change | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Education | ||||||
Castledine (2013) | Pre-dialysis education program using home visit | No intervention | HoD utilization | 1.39 (1.06–1.83) | - | 0.02 |
Pre-dialysis education program using group session | HoD utilization | 1.21 (0.88–1.66) | - | 0.3 | ||
Pre-dialysis education program using Existing Patients | HoD utilization | 0.98 (0.76–1.26) | - | 0.9 | ||
Pre-dialysis education program using review of modality | HoD utilization | 0.93 (0.72–1.2) | - | 0.6 | ||
Pre-dialysis education program using video/DVD materials | HoD utilization | 0.63 (0.46–0.86) | - | 0.003 | ||
Tamura (2013) | Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) for screening and education | No intervention | PD initiation | 1.68 (1.24–2.28) | - | - |
Fortnum (2014) | Renal units offering more group sessions per year | No intervention | HoD utilization | 1.013 (1.01–1.02) | - | 0.008 |
Chan (2015) | Simulation-based teaching | Conventional teaching | PD retention | Â | 96.4% vs 100% | 0.54 |
Prieto-Velasco (2015) | Education Process (EP) with Patient Decision Aid (PDA) tools | No intervention | PD initiation | 13.2 (5.20–33.54) | - | <0.001 |
de Maar (2016) | Pre-dialysis programme (GUIDE) | Historical control | HoD initiation | 1.93 (0.79–4.72) | - | - |
Shukla (2017) | Comprehensive pre-dialysis education program | United States Renal Data System | PD initiation | - | 9% vs 55% | - |
Dubin (2019) | Digital Modality Decision Program | Historical control | PD utilization | 5.69 (1.51–21.42) | - | 0.004 |
HHD utilization | 2.19 (0.36–13.22) | - | 0.5 | |||
Lee (2019) | Shared decision-making (SDM) | Historical control | PD utilization | 2.33 (1.47–3.69) | - | - |
Shukla (2019) | Comprehensive pre-dialysis education program | CKD care in USRDS data | PD initiation | - | 62% vs 8% | - |
Historical control | HoD utilization | - | 12% vs 27% | <0.0001 | ||
Parapiboon (2020) | Customized multimedia | Conventional multimedia | PD initiation | 1.16 (0.55–2.45) | - | 0.86 |
Imamura (2021) | Multidisciplinary care (MDC) | No intervention | PD retention | 2 | - | 0.012 |
PD initiation | 2.52 (1.04–6.11) | - | 0.038 | |||
Shukla (2021) | Kidney Disease Education (KDE) | No intervention | HoD utilization | 1.7 (1.52–1.90) | - | - |
HoD initiation | 1.99 (1.66–2.39) | - | - | |||
McKeon (2022) | A structured CKD Education Program | No intervention | HoD utilization | 3.35 (2.93–3.83) | - | <0.001 |
HoD initiation | 4.34 (3.75–5.03) | - | <0.001 | |||
Shah (2022) | Quality Improvement (QI) by training nurses and patients | Pre-QI Period | PD utilization | 3.13 (2.06–4.73) | - | <0.001 |
Blankenship (2023) | Transitional care units (TCUs) or dedicated care programs or dialysis orientation units | Historical control | PD utilization | - | 2.8% vs 9.9% | <0.0001 |
HHD utilization | - | 7.3% vs 15.7% | <0.0001 | |||
Sakurada (2023) | Shared decision-making (SDM) | No intervention | PD initiation | 4.81 (2.81–8.24) | - | <0.001 |
Service Provision | ||||||
Asif (2005) | PD catheter insertion by nephrologists | PD catheter insertion by surgeon | PD utilization | 1.55 (1.25–1.93) |  | - |
Oliver (2007) | Home Plus Program | No intervention | PD utilization | 1.49 (0.73–3.04) | - | 0.27 |
Jiang (2011) | PD satellite center program | Historical control | PD retention | 1.84 (1.53–2.21) | - | 0.01 |
Chen (2012) | Multidisciplinary care (MDC) | Usual care group | PD initiation | 4.77 (1.36–16.68) | - | - |
Castledine (2013) | Provision home visits to PD patients | No intervention | HoD utilization | 1.63 (1.11–2.42) | - | 0.01 |
PD catheter insertion by members of renal team | PD catheter insertion by surgeon | PD utilization | 1.1 (0.83–1.43) | - | 0.5 | |
Provision same day hospital visits for PD patients | No intervention | HoD utilization | 0.96 (0.58–1.60) | - | 0.9 | |
Yu (2014) | Continuous quality improvement | Historical control | PD retention | - | 89.6% vs 95.6% | <0.001 |
Blaauw (2019) | Remote patient management (RPM) systems | Historical control | PD retention | - | 37% vs 71% | - |
Boyer (2020) | Nurse-assisted PD | Historical control | PD initiation | 1.13 (1.06–1.21) | - | - |
Liu (2021) | PD catheter insertion by nephrologists | Historical control | PD utilization | - | 10–23% vs 25–29% | 0.015 |
van Eck van der Sluijs (2021) | Assisted PD program | No intervention | PD utilization | 2.81 (1.77–4.47) | - | <0.001 |
PD initiation | 1.91 (1.21–3.01) | - | <0.001 | |||
Yao (2021) | PD center volume (26–42 incident patients per year) | PD center volume (1–12 incident patients per year) | PD retention | 1.1 (0.91–1.33) | - | - |
Quinn (2024) | At Home, on the Right Therapy (START) project | Historical control | PD initiation | - | MD = 5.4% (1.5–9.2) | - |
Combined Education and Service Provision | ||||||
Kaiser (2020) | Virtual Multidisciplinary Care Program | No intervention | PD utilization | 5.33 (0.47–60.80) | - | 0.99 |
Self-control (pre-education) | PD initiation | 3.2 (0.91–11.27) | - | - | ||
No intervention | HHD utilization | 0.9 (0.02–50.24) | - | 0.99 | ||
Self-control (pre-education) | HHD initiation | 1.58 (0.24–10.52) | - | - | ||
Tombocon (2021) | Quality Improvement through establishing treatment pathways that coordinates local home treatment, raise awareness of HoD, and develop flexible individualized treatment (Home before Hospital) | Historical control | HoD utilization | - | 14.8% vs 35% | - |
Manns (2022) | Multifaceted Interventions, including phone surveys from a knowledge translation broker, 1-year center-specific audit/feedback on home dialysis use, delivery of an educational package, and an academic detailing visit | No intervention | HoD utilization | 1.16 (0.92–1.45) | - | 0.21 |
HoD initiation | 1.31 (0.88–1.93) | - | 0.17 | |||
Payment | ||||||
Mendelssohn (2004) | Equal physician reimbursement for all dialysis modalities | Historical control | PD utilization | - | 19.7% vs 22.6% | - |
Praditpornsilpa (2011) | PD-first policy (2009) | Historical control (2007) | PD utilization | 3.47 (3.25–3.70) | - | - |
PD initiation | 5.89 (5.32–6.52) | - | - | |||
Hirth (2013) | Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) | Historical control (2007) | PD utilization | - | 6.48% vs 6.96% | - |
HHD utilization | - | 0.67% vs 1.44% | - | |||
Lin (2017) | Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) | Historical control (2007) | HoD utilization | - | MD = 5.8% (95% CI: 4.3–6.9) | - |
Add-on paying for home dialysis training (Medicare Parts A/B subgroup) | No intervention | HoD utilization | - | MD = − 0.2% (95% CI: −1.0–0.5) | - | |
Sloan (2019) | Medicare Prospective Payment System (PPS) | Historical control | PD utilization | 1.39 (1.37–1.41) | - | <0.001 |
PD retention | 1.09 (1.02–1.15) | - | 0.004 | |||
PD initiation | 1.38 (1.36–1.40) | - | <0.001 | |||
Lin (2020) | PD catheter paid for by Medicare | No intervention | PD utilization | 12 (9.60–15) | - | - |
PD initiation | 81 (53.34–123) | - | - | |||
Sriravindrarajah (2020) | Private health insurance (PHI) | No intervention | PD utilization | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) | - | 0.36 |
PD initiation | 0.81 (0.67–0.98) | - | 0.03 | |||
HHD utilization | 1.38 (1.01–1.89) | - | 0.04 | |||
Trachtenberg (2020) | Equal nephrologist fee-for-service (FFS) for HD and PD | Salaried nephrologist | PD utilization | 1.52 (0.96–2.4) | - | - |
Ji (2022) | End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices (ETC) Payment Model | No intervention | HoD utilization | - | MD = 0.12% (95% CI: −1.42–1.65) | 0.89 |
Chang (2023) | PD-encouraging reimbursement policy | Historical control | PD utilization | 1.28 (1.22–1.34) | - | 0.029 |
PD retention | 0.89 (0.80–0.96) | - | 0.029 | |||
Johansen (2023) | End-Stage Renal Disease Treatment Choices (ETC) Payment Model | Historical control | HoD utilization | - | MD = 1.07% (95% CI: 0.16–1.97) | - |