Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients among treatment groups by ITT
Variables | N | % Missing | Treatment group | Total | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No-PBs | CBPBs | NCBPBs | Aluminum hydroxide | |||||
Total number of patients, n (%) | 8,005 | 0 | 3,736 (46.67) | 4,071(50.86) | 118 (1.47) | 80 (1.00) | 8,005 (100) | Â |
Hospital, n(%) | 8,005 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Ramathibodi hospital |  |  | 3,283 (87.87) | 2,755 (67.67) | 85 (72.03) | 44 (55.00) | 6,167 (77.04) |  |
 Bhumibol hospital |  |  | 453 (12.13) | 1,316 (32.33) | 33 (27.97) | 36 (45.00) | 1,838 (22.96) |  |
Age (years), mean(SD) | 8,005 | 0 | 48.50 (17.08) | 61.39 (15.98) | 61.16 (15.23) | 53.15 (14.16) | 55.29 (17.67) | < 0.001 |
Male, n(%) | 8,005 | 0 | 2,172 (58.14) | 1,937 (48.22) | 65 (55.08) | 41 (51.25) | 4,215 (52.65) | < 0.001 |
Reimbursement, n(%) | 8,005 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Non-CSMBS |  |  | 2,723 (72.89) | 2,042 (50.16) | 29 (24.58) | 53 (66.25) | 4,847 (60.55) |  |
 CSMBS |  |  | 1,013 (27.11) | 2,029 (49.84) | 89 (75.42) | 27 (33.75) | 3,158 (39.45) |  |
BMI (kg/m2), mean(SD) | 3432 | 57 | 24.15 (4.72) | 24.96 (5.20) | 26.09 (5.73) | 25.13 (5.01) | 2,4.51 (4.95) | < 0.001 |
Marital status, n(%) | 8,005 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Single |  |  | 1,190 (31.85) | 888 (21.81) | 19 (16.10) | 29 (36.25) | 2,126 (26.56) |  |
 Married |  |  | 2,178 (58.30) | 2,602 (63.92) | 86 (72.88) | 41 (51.25) | 4,907 (61.30) |  |
 Divorced/widowed |  |  | 364 (9.74) | 569 (13.98) | 13 (11.02) | 10 (12.50) | 956 (11.94) |  |
 Priest |  |  | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.05) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 2 (0.02) |  |
 Unknown |  |  | 4 (0.11) | 10 (0.25) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 14 (0.17) |  |
Education levels, n(%) | 3,631 | 55 |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Primary level or less |  |  | 589 (23.15) | 310 (31.31) | 12 (25.00) | 7 (31.82) | 918 (25.47) |  |
 Secondary level |  |  | 766 (30.11) | 192 (19.39) | 5 (10.42) | 4 (18.18) | 967 (26.83) |  |
 University level or more |  |  | 1,189 (46.74) | 488 (49.29) | 31 (64.58) | 11 (50.00) | 1,719 (47.70) |  |
Renal replacement therapy, n(%) | 8,005 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 No RRT |  |  | 2,333 (62.45) | 3,048 (74.87) | 47 (39.83) | 48 (60.00) | 5,476 (68.41) |  |
 RRT |  |  | 1,403 (37.55) | 1,023 (25.13) | 71 (60.17) | 32 (40.00) | 2,529 (31.59) |  |
Comorbid, n(%) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Hypertension | 8,005 | 0 | 1,874 (50.16) | 3,940 (96.78) | 98 (83.05) | 73 (91.25) | 5,985 (74.77) | < 0.001 |
 Diabetes | 8,005 | 0 | 871 (23.31) | 2,152 (52.86) | 48 (40.68) | 33 (41.25) | 3,104 (38.78) | < 0.001 |
 Dyslipidemia | 8,005 | 0 | 965 (25.83) | 2,845 (69.88) | 70 (59.32) | 40 (50.00) | 3,920 (48.97) | < 0.001 |
 CVD | 8,005 | 0 | 503 (13.46) | 1,217 (29.89) | 29 (24.58) | 11 (13.75) | 1,759(21.97) | < 0.001 |
 Bone disorder related ESRD | 8,005 | 0 | 78 (2.09) | 448 (11.00) | 4 (3.39) | 2 (2.50) | 533 (6.66) | < 0.001 |
 Secondary hyperparathyroidism | 8,005 | 0 | 314 (8.40) | 1,195 (29.35) | 61 (51.69) | 32 (40.00) | 1,602 (20.01) | < 0.001 |
 Hypoparathyroidism | 8,005 | 0 | 0 (0.00) | 9 (0.22) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | 9 (0.11) | 0.065 |
 Gout | 8,005 | 0 | 141 (3.77) | 304 (7.47) | 6 (5.08) | 5 (6.25) | 456 (5.70) | < 0.001 |
 Liver disease | 8,005 | 0 | 150 (4.01) | 257 (6.31) | 5 (4.24) | 3 (3.75) | 415 (5.18) | < 0.001 |
 SLE | 8,005 | 0 | 50 (1.34) | 92 (2.26) | 1 (0.85) | 1 (1.25) | 144 (1.80) | 0.032 |
 Cancer | 8,005 | 0 | 27 (0.72) | 39 (0.96) | 1 (0.85) | 0 (0.00) | 67 (0.84) | 0.630 |
 AIDS | 8,005 | 0 | 8 (0.21) | 25 (0.61) | 2 (1.69) | 1 (1.25) | 36 (0.45) | < 0.001 |
 GI disorder | 8,005 | 0 | 127 (3.40) | 468 (11.50) | 12 (10.17) | 6 (7.50) | 613 (7.66) | < 0.001 |
 Chronic pulmonary disease | 8,005 | 0 | 55 (1.47) | 153 (3.76) | 5 (4.24) | 1 (1.25) | 214 (2.67) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory, median (IQR) | ||||||||
 eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 7,983 | 0 | 5.0 (3.8, 8.0) | 7.4 (4.6, 11.6) | 5.6 (4.2, 8.8) | 4.6 (3.4, 6.6) | 6.0 (4.0, 10.2) | < 0.001 |
 Phosphorus, mg/dL | 8,005 | 0 | 5.6 (5.0, 6.6) | 5.3 (4.8, 6.4) | 5.8 (5.0, 7.0) | 7.3 (6.1, 8.7) | 5.4 (4.9, 6.6) | < 0.001 |
 Corrected calcium, mg/dL | 8,005 | 0 | 9.4 (8.8, 10.0) | 9.4 (8.8, 9.9) | 10.1 (9.4, 10.8) | 10.1 (9.4, 10.8) | 9.4 (8.8, 10.0) | < 0.001 |
 PTH, pg/dL | 4,608 | 42 | 319.6 (141.8, 639.2) | 180.9 (87.0, 360.9) | 382.8 (175.6, 1100.0) | 463.0 (170.0, 800.2) | 240.4 (109.0, 497.4) | < 0.001 |
 Hemoglobin, g/dL | 8,005 | 0 | 10.5 (9.1, 11.9) | 9.8 (8.5, 11.1) | 10.9 (9.3, 11.7) | 9.9 (8.3, 11.3) | 10.1 (8.8, 11.5) | < 0.001 |
 Albumin, g/dL | 8,005 | 0 | 3.6 (3.1, 4.0) | 3.4 (2.9, 3.9) | 3.5 (3.1, 3.9) | 3.7 (3.0, 4.5) | 3.5 (3.0, 3.9) | < 0.001 |
 Uric, mg/dL | 7,132 | 11 | 7.0 (5.6, 8.5) | 7.8 (6.3, 9.4) | 7.0 (5.2, 8.5) | 7.3 (6.0, 8.8) | 7.4 (5.9, 9.0) | < 0.001 |
 HbA1C, mg% | 2,981 | 63 | 6.3 (5.6, 7.3) | 6.3 (5.6, 7.3) | 6.0 (5.4, 7.3) | 7.3 (6.0, 8.6) | 6.3 (5.6, 7.3) | 0.066 |
 LDL, mg/dL | 4,884 | 39 | 101.0 (79.0, 128.0) | 103.4 (81.0, 132.4) | 100.0 (79.0, 123.0) | 105.5 (81.8, 140.0) | 102.4 (80.0, 130.0) | 0.066 |
 Triglyceride, mg/dL | 6,915 | 14 | 115.5 (82.0, 158.0) | 128.0 (92.0, 183.0) | 122.4 (90.2, 173.0) | 139.0 (78.6, 186.0) | 122.4 (87.0, 172.0) | < 0.001 |
 HDL, mg/dL | 4,684 | 41 | 45.0 (37.0, 56.0) | 45.0 (37.0, 56.0) | 47.0 (37.0, 55.0) | 44.0 (38.0, 56.0) | 45.0 (37.0, 56.0) | 0.932 |
 Iron, ug/dL | 2,933 | 63 | 51.0 (34.5, 71.0) | 53.0 (36.0, 73.0) | 51.0 (37.0, 69.0) | 55.5 (36.0, 82.0) | 52.0 (36.0, 73.0) | 0.252 |
 TIBC, ug/dL | 2,946 | 63 | 208.9 (172.6, 245.0) | 207.9 (173.9, 247.0) | 215.0 (181.0, 238.0) | 203.0 (171.3, 233.0) | 208.0 (173.0, 246.0) | 0.899 |
 Ferritin, ng/dL | 482 | 94 | 188.0 (165.0, 217.0) | 181.0 (157.0, 212.0) | 183.0 (167.0, 237.0) | 187.0 (150.0, 247.0) | 182.0 (157.0, 213.0) | 0.178 |