Table 3 Safety of mesenchymal stem cells in clinical outcomes
Trials | AEs, n (%) | Common AEs | SAE, n (%) | Death, n | Cause of death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LN | |||||
Sun et al., 2010Â [23] | 0 | no event reported | 0 | 0 | no death |
Liang et al., 2010 [24] | — | upper respiratory tract infection | 0 | 0 | no death |
Wang et al., 2013 [26] | 8 (9.2) | diarrhea, agranulocytosis, infections, ACS | 5 (5.7) | 5 | heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, uncontrolled SLE |
Wang et al., 2014 [27] | 4 (10.0) | infections | 3 (7.5) | 3 | heart failure, respiratory failure, uncontrolled SLE |
Gu et al., 2014Â [28] | 4 (4.9) | diarrhea, enteritis, infections | 4 (4.9) | 4 | heart failure, pneumonia, uncontrolled SLE |
Deng et al., 2017 [30] | — | agranulocytosis, pneumonia, | 2 (16.7) | 1 | pneumonia |
Barbado et al., 2018Â [33] | 0 | no event reported | 0 | 0 | no death |
Ranjbar et al., 2022 [36] | 1 (11.1) | transient hypertension | 0 | 0 | no death |
Chun et al., 2022 [37] | 2 (28.6) | diarrhea, toothache, Arthralgia | 0 | 0 | no death |
DN | |||||
Packham et al., 2016 [29] | 17 (85.0) | infections, cough, heart failure, diabetic ulcer | 5 (25.0) | 0 | no death |
Perico et al., 2023 [38] | 11 (91.7) | diarrhea, cough, chest pain | 4 (33.3) | 2 | heart failure, multiple myeloma |
IN | |||||
Saad et al., 2017 [31] | 0 | no event reported | 0 | 0 | no death |
CKDu | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Carstens et al., 2023Â [40] | 0 | renal failure | 6 (33.3) | 3 | cerebral hemorrhage, renal failure |
ADPKD | |||||
Makhlough et al., 2017 [32] | 6 (100) | nausea, headache, dizziness | 1 (16.7) | 0 | no death |
NS | |||||
Vivarelli et al., 2023 [39] | 15 (94.0) | infections, oliguria, relapse of NS | 6 (37.5) | 0 | no death |
Muti-etiology | |||||
Makhlough et al., 2018Â [34] | 7 (100) | headache, dizziness, cough, pruritus | 3 (42.9) | 0 | no death |