Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in chronic kidney disease: a literature review

Li, Jipeng; Wu, Mengting; He, Lijie

doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04029-y

BMC Nephrology

Table 1 Clinical trials exploiting mesenchymal stem cells for infusion therapy of chronic kidney disease

From: Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in chronic kidney disease: a literature review

Study	Design	Cell source	Patients	Dose	Times /	Trial
			MSCs/Control		Method	Registration
Sun et al., 2010 [23]	Single-arm	Allogeneic UC	16 SLE (15 LN)	1.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 00698191
Liang et al., 2010 [24]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic BM	15 SLE (15 LN)	1.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 00698191
El-Ansary et al., 2012 [25]	Open-label/ Controlled	Autologous BM	10 / 10 (10 LN)	0.7 ~ 1.0 × 10⁶ /kg	Twice IV	NA
Wang et al., 2013 [26]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic UC/BM	87 SLE (73 LN)	1.0 × 10⁶ /kg	Single IV	NA
Wang et al., 2014 [27]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic UC	40 SLE (39 LN)	1.0 × 10⁶ /kg	Twice IV	NCT 01741857
Gu et al., 2014 [28]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic UC/BM	81 LN	1.0 × 10⁶ kg	Single IV	NA
Packham et al., 2016 [29]	RCT	Allogeneic BM (MPC)	20 / 10 DN	150 ~ 300 × 10⁶	Single IV	NCT 01843387
Deng et al., 2017 [30]	RCT	Allogeneic UC	12 / 6 LN	100 × 10⁶	Twice IV	NCT 01539902
Saad et al., 2017 [31]	Open-label/ Dose-escalation	Autologous AD	14 / 14 IN / RVD	1.0 ~ 2.5 × 10⁵/kg	Single IA	NCT 02266394
Makhlough et al., 2017 [32]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Autologous BM	6 ADPKD	1.0 ~ 2.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 02166489
Barbado et al., 2018 [33]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic BM	3 LN	1.5 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	EudraCT2017 −000391–28
Makhlough et al., 2018 [34]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Autologous BM	7 DE	1.0 ~ 2.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 02195323
Yuan et al., 2019 [35]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic UC	11 SLE (11 LN)	1.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 01741857
Ranjbar et al., 2022 [36]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic AD	9 LN	2.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	IRCT201609 0729747N1
Chun et al., 2022 [37]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Allogeneic BM	7 LN	2.0 ~ 3.0 × 10⁶/kg	Single IV	NCT 03174587
Perico et al., 2023 [38]	RCT	Allogeneic BM	12/4 DN	80 × 10⁶	Single IV	NCT 02585622
Vivarelli et al., 2023 [39]	Open-label/ Single-arm	Autologous BM	16 NS	1.0 × 10⁶/kg	Twice IV	EudraCT2016 −004804–77
Carstens et al., 2023 [40]	Openlabel/His- torical Controls	Allogeneic AD (SVF)	18 / 12 IN	50 ~ 200 × 10⁶	Single IA	NCT 05154591

a. Register details of these clinical trials involved in the review were stated in supplementary materials
b. Data are median [interquartile range], median (range), mean ± standard deviation, and *: data are mean (range)
c. RCT Randomized control trials, LN Lupus nephritis, DN Diabetic nephropathy, IN Ischemic nephropathy, ADPKD Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, NS Nephrotic syndrome, DE Different etiologies, RVD Atherosclerotic renovascular disease, CKDu Chronic kidney disease of unknown cause or mesoamerican nephropathy, M/F Male/female, IV Intravenous infusion, IA Intra-arterial infusion, mo Month, yr Year, NA Not applicable, Single Single infusion on the first day, Twice The time interval between two infusions is 7 days

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