Effects of gamified versus pedometer-based walking intervention on physical activity, fatigue, and sleep quality among hemodialysis patients: a quasi-experimental study

Table 2 Step count, fatigue, sleep, and physical performance measurements before and after intervention in the gamified, Pedometer, and control groups

Variables	Time	Median score and interquartile range			Overall comparison	Between-group comparisons
		Gamified group	Pedometer group	Control group		Gamified VS pedometer	Gamified VS control	Pedometer VS control
		N = 30	N = 30	N = 30		Gamified VS pedometer	Gamified VS control	Pedometer VS control
Step count	Before intervention	2928[1938–5054]	3885[2457–4995]	2701[2054–4020]	K = 1.994 p = 0.369
Step count	After intervention	6440[5025–8269]	5076[3537–6602]	2842[2053–3993]	K = 32.952 p < 0.001	P = 0.04*	p < 0.001 **	P = 0.003**
Sig		Z =—4.782 p < 0.001	Z =—4.001 p < 0.001	Z =—0.648 p = 0.517
BFI	Before intervention	6.4[5.4–7.4]	6.3[5.2–7.2]	7[6–8]	K = 2.966 p = 0.227
BFI	After intervention	3.1[3-4]	5.2[4.2–7]	6.8[5.2–8]	K = 53.58 p < 0.001	p < 0.001 **	p < 0.001 **	p = 0.089
Sig		Z =—4.784 p < 0.001	Z =—3.895 p < 0.001	Z =—1.433 p = 0.152
PSQI	Before intervention	9[8-10]	9[7–9.3]	9[8–9.3]	K = 1.833 p = 0.400
PSQI	After intervention	4[4-6]	7[4-9]	8[7-10]	K = 34.796 p < 0.001	P = 0.001 **	p < 0.001 **	0.07
Sig		Z =—4.570 p < 0.001	Z =—2.933 p = 0.003	Z =—1.201 p = 0.230
SPPB	Before intervention	9.5[8-11]	9.5[8–10.3]	9[8-10]	K = 0.862 p = 0.650
SPPB	After intervention	10[9-11]	10[8-11]	9[8-10]	K = 4.387 p = 0.112
Sig		Z =—2.132 P = 0.03	Z =—1.155 P = 0.248	Z =—0.905 P = 0.366

Data presented as median [interquartile range]
Abbreviations: BFI Brief Fatigue Inventory, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SPPB Short physical performance battery
K: Kruskal Wallis test, Z: Wilcoxon test
^aAdjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni
^*Significant at P < .05, **Highly significant at P < .01

ISSN: 1471-2369