Table 2 Comparisons between MN patients with disease progression and those with stable condition after COVID-19 infections

Baseline characters

Age (years)

54.7 ± 14.2

54.8 ± 14.8

0.960

Gender (M/F)

87/45

249/170

0.183

COVID-19 vaccination, n (%)

70 (53.0)

217 (51.8)

0.804

Nephrotic syndrome, n (%)

11 (8.3)

31 (7.4)

0.724

Proteinuria (g/24 h)

0.7 (0.2, 2.6)

0.9 (0.2, 2.7)

0.400

Serum albumin (g/L)

39.0 ± 6.2

39.1 ± 6.2

0.789

Hematuria, n (%)

46 (34.8)

153 (36.5)

0.728

Serum creatinine (µmol/L)

82.0 (71.0, 100.0)

81.0 (68.0, 96.4)

0.212

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²)

82.6 ± 23.5

83.9 ± 24.3

0.605

Anti-PLA2R antibody positivity, n (%)

35 (26.5)

94 (22.4)

0.334

Anti-PLA2R antibody level (U/mL)

57.5 (34.0, 176.3)

65.9 (34.0, 116.2)

0.878

Treatments

 ACEI/ARBs only, n (%)

42 (31.8)

154 (36.8)

0.302

 Immunosuppressive therapies, n (%)

81 (61.4)

243 (58.0)

0.062

 Calcineurin inhibitors w/o steroids

71 (53.8)

178 (42.5)

 Rituximab

6 (4.5)

41 (9.8)

 Cyclophosphamide + corticosteroids

3 (2.3)

19 (4.5)

 Mycophenolate mofetil

1 (0.8)

5 (1.2)

After COVID-19 infection

Fever, n (%)

103 (78.0)

332 (79.2)

0.767

 Maximum temperature (°C)

38.5 (38.0, 39.0)

38.5 (38.0, 39.0)

0.690

 Duration (days)

2.0 (1.0, 4.0)

2.0 (1.0, 3.0)

0.001

Severity of symptoms

0.220

 Mild, n (%)

125 (94.7)

383 (91.4)

 Severe, n (%)

7 (5.3)

36 (8.6)

Treatments for COVID-19

0.723

 NSAIDs, n (%)

58 (43.9)

192 (45.8)

 Antiviral agents, n (%)

1 (0.8)

4 (1.0)

 Antibiotic agents, n (%)

8 (6.1)

28 (6.7)

 Traditional Chinese medicine, n (%)

65 (49.2)

171 (40.8)

Treatments for MN

 Withdraw immunosuppressant and/or steroids

21 (15.9)

26 (6.2)

0.001

 Withdrawal time (days)

10.0 (7.0, 22.5)

3.0 (2.0, 7.0)

< 0.001