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Table 3 Associations of Sarcopenia, SMI, HGS, and depression with osteoporosis by univariate logistic regression analysis

From: Depression as a risk factor for osteoporosis independent of sarcopenia in hemodialysis patients: findings from a multicenter cross-sectional study

Variables

All

Male

Female

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

OR (95% CI)

P value

Sex (male vs. female)

1.183 (0.894, 1.566)

0.240

    

Age (years)

1.021 (1.009, 1.032)

< 0.001

1.004 (0.990, 1.018)

0.602

1.051 (1.030, 1.073)

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m2)

0.910 (0.875, 0.946)

< 0.001

0.881 (0.833, 0.931)

< 0.001

0.945 (0.894, 0.999)

0.045

Duration of dialysis (months)

1.008 (1.005, 1.010)

< 0.001

1.008 (1.005, 1.011)

< 0.001

1.007 (1.003, 1.011)

0.001

Sarcopenia

2.513 (1.774, 3.559)

< 0.001

2.132 (1.360, 3.341)

0.001

3.191 (1.826, 5.579)

< 0.001

SMI (kg/m2)

0.667 (0.589, 0.756)

< 0.001

0.605 (0.500, 0.732)

< 0.001

0.498 (0.371, 0.668)

< 0.001

Handgrip strength(kg)

0.963 (0.948, 0.979)

< 0.001

0.975 (0.953, 0.991)

0.025

0.902 (0.866, 0.941)

< 0.001

Depression

1.482 (1.120, 1.962)

0.006

1.228 (0.856, 1.761)

0.264

1.961 (1.252, 3.073)

0.003

Gait speed (m/s)

0.858 (0.546,1.349)

0.507

1.333 (0.733,2.424)

0.346

0.481 (0.236, 0.919)

0.044

IPAQ (Met/wk)

1.000 (1.000, 1.000)

0.457

1.000 (1.000, 1.000)

0.862

1.000 (1.000, 1.000)

0.231

MIS

1.015 (0.967, 1.006)

0.536

1.012 (0.948, 1.079)

0.727

1.011 (0.938, 1.090)

0.768

CCI

1.004 (0.925, 1.090)

0.918

0.983 (0.887, 1.089)

0.739

1.067 (0.927, 1.228)

0.365

Hemoglobin (g/L)

1.002 (0.994, 1.011)

0.592

0.998 (0.988, 1.009)

0.773

1.012 (0.996, 1.027)

0.133

Albumin (g/L)

0.994 (0.980, 1.008)

0.408

0.996 (0.981, 1.011)

0.600

0.990 (0.959, 1.021)

0.529

CRP (mg/L)

1.002 (0.992, 1.012)

0.717

1.008 (0.995, 1.020)

0.243

0.988 (0.967, 1.010)

0.285

Total cholesterol(mmol/L)

0.973 (0.866, 1.092)

0.639

0.961 (0.804, 1.148)

0.660

0.950 (0.808, 1.118)

0.539

Triglycerides(mmol/L)

0.853 (0.776, 0.938)

0.001

0.839 (0.740, 0.951)

0.006

0.869 (0.752, 1.005)

0.059

HDL-cholesterol(mmol/L)

2.128 (1.306, 3.468)

0.002

2.549 (1.349, 4.819)

0.004

1.479 (0.667, 3.282)

0.335

LDL-cholesterol(mmol/L)

0.919 (0.774, 1.090)

0.332

0.843 (0.664, 1.072)

0.164

0.965 (0.748, 1.246)

0.785

Phosphate (mmol/L)

0.838 (0.675, 1.041)

0.110

0.849 (0.647, 1.114)

0.239

0.817 (0.569, 1.174)

0.274

Calcium (mmol/L)

0.801 (0.466, 1.376)

0.421

0.670 (0.337, 1.332)

0.253

1.018 (0.415, 2.498)

0.969

PTH (pg/mL)

1.001 (1.001, 1.002)

< 0.001

1.001 (1.000, 1.001)

0.005

1.002 (1.001, 1.002)

< 0.001

Vitamin D(nmol/L)

1.005 (0.997, 1.013)

0.259

1.012 (1.002, 1.022)

0.015

0.990 (0.975, 1.005)

0.197

Kt/V

2.259 (1.591, 4.019)

< 0.001

2.908(1.504, 5.619)

0.001

2.088 (0.981, 4.444)

0.056

Calcium-phosphorus metabolism drug

1.175 (0.890, 1.552)

0.256

1.247 (0.868, 1.792)

0.232

1.103 (0.712, 1.709)

0.660

  1. BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal mass index; IPAQ, international physical activity questionnaire; Met/wk, metabolic equivalent task minutes per week; MIS, malnutrition inflammation score; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; CRP, C-reactive protein; HDL-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; PTH, parathyroid hormone; Kt/V, fractional clearance index for urea