Table 1 Comparing the basic characteristics of HD patients with osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis
Characteristics | All | Non-Osteoporosis | Osteoporosis | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 858) | (n = 522) | (n = 336) | ||
Age (years) | 61.45 ± 12.55 | 60.22 ± 12.84 | 63.36 ± 11.85 | < 0.001 |
Sex (%) | 0.239 | |||
Male | 524 (61.07) | 327 (62.64) | 197 (58.63) | |
Female | 334 (38.93) | 195 (37.36) | 139 (41.37) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.38 ± 3.82 | 23.88 ± 3.82 | 22.60 ± 3.70 | < 0.001 |
Dialysis duration (months) | 46.33 (23.87, 93.20) | 40.43 (21.13, 71.43) | 58.03 (29.41,120.28) | < 0.001 |
Cause of ESRD (%) | 0.035 | |||
Glomerulonephritis | 264 (30.77) | 150 (28.74) | 114 (33.93) | |
Diabetic | 190 (22.14) | 132 (25.29) | 58 (17.26) | |
Hypertensive | 130 (15.15) | 84 (16.09) | 46 (13.69) | |
Polycystic kidney | 51 (5.94) | 30 (5.74) | 21 (6.25) | |
Other | 223 (26.00) | 126 (24.14) | 97 (28.87) | |
Drinking (%) | 10 (1.16) | 5 (0.96) | 5 (1.49) | 0.069 |
Smoking (%) | 185 (21.56) | 117 (22.41) | 68 (20.24) | 0.180 |
BMD (g/cm2) | 0.41 ± 0.09 | 0.46 ± 0.07 | 0.33 ± 0.06 | < 0.001 |
Sarcopenia (%) | 162 (18.88) | 69 (13.22) | 93 (27.67) | < 0.001 |
SMI (kg/m2) | 6.98 ± 1.21 | 7.20 ± 1.20 | 6.65 ± 1.14 | < 0.001 |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 24.87 ± 8.74 | 25.94 ± 8.73 | 23.21 ± 8.50 | < 0.001 |
Gait speed (m/s) | 0.98 ± 0.30 | 0.98 ± 0.31 | 0.97 ± 0.30 | 0.508 |
IPAQ (Met/wk) | 1386 (594,3066) | 1386 (551,3066) | 1386 (608,3066) | 0.456 |
MIS | 4.30 ± 2.84 | 4.25 ± 2.87 | 4.38 ± 2.79 | 0.537 |
CCI | 3.87 ± 1.68 | 3.87 ± 1.65 | 3.88 ± 1.70 | 0.918 |
Depression (%) | 361(42.1) | 201 (38.5) | 160 (47.6) | 0.006 |
Laboratory parameters | ||||
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 110.97 ± 15.79 | 110.73 ± 15.69 | 111.33 ± 15.96 | 0.592 |
Albumin (g/L) | 39.80 (37.60, 41.90) | 39.80 (37.60,42.0) | 39.75 (37.72, 41.80) | 0.954 |
CRP (mg/L) | 2.88 (1.29, 6.04) | 2.84 (1.31, 5.97) | 2.92 (1.22, 6.30) | 0.909 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.92 ± 1.21 | 3.93 ± 1.30 | 3.89 ± 1.04 | 0.630 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.70 (1.19, 2.74) | 1.80 (1.23, 2.89) | 1.64 (1.06, 2.51) | 0.040 |
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 0.97 ± 0.28 | 0.95 ± 0.27 | 1.01 ± 0.29 | 0.002 |
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.30 ± 0.81 | 2.32 ± 0.81 | 2.27 ± 0.81 | 0.332 |
Phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.90 (1.51,2.34) | 1.94 (1.55, 2.37) | 1.84 (1.46, 2.24) | 0.027 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.27 ± 0.26 | 2.27 ± 0.25 | 2.26 ± 0.27 | 0.421 |
PTH (pg/mL) | 272.75 (143.15,469.17) | 258.45 (138.08,424.68) | 309.65 (155.30, 554.73) | 0.001 |
Vitamin D (nmol/L) | 31.56 (24.41, 44.16) | 31.30 (24.32, 43.37) | 32.00 (24.88, 47.00) | 0.369 |
Kt/V | 1.37 ± 0.33 | 1.33 ± 0.30 | 1.43 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |