Treatment of depression and poor quality of life through breathing training in hemodialysis patients

BMC Nephrology

Table 3 Descriptive statistics for BDI-II before and after breathing training program

BDI-II	Pretest Mean ± SD	Post-test Mean ± SD	P-value ^§
BDI-II scores	18.4 ± 10.6	14.5 ± 9.28	0.03 **
	N (%)	N (%)
Level of depression
Depressed (≥ 11)	30 (73.2)	25 (61.0)	0.27 ^‡
Not depressed (< 11)	11 (26.8)	16 (39.0)	0.27 ^‡

Abbreviations: BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory-second edition; SD, standard deviation
^§ P-value has been calculated using Paired sample t-test
^‡ P-value has been calculated using McNemar test
** Significant at p ≤ 0.05 level. The table displays statistically significant values in bold

ISSN: 1471-2369