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Table 2 Comparison of the mean score of the PLNS and its dimensions between the study groups

From: The effect of individualized education on learning needs of patients undergoing hemodialysis: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Variables

Time of measurement

Control

Mean ± SD

Intervention

Mean ± SD

P-value

-Medication

T1

26.20 ± 4.85

27.11 ± 4.97

0.34*

 

T2

26.14 ± 4.93

15.92 ± 5.70

< 0.001**

 

T3

26.02 ± 4.87

18.69 ± 6.04

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Activities of living

T1

19.23 ± 4.03

18.55 ± 4.85

0.44*

 

T2

19 ± 4.12

10.44 ± 3.61

< 0.001**

 

T3

19.16 ± 4.18

11.36 ± 3.73

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Community and follow-up

T1

17.60 ± 1.56

17.41 ± 1.51

0.47*

 

T2

17.37 ± 1.60

11.02 ± 1.78

< 0.001**

 

T3

17.51 ± 1.81

11.86 ± 1.58

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Feelings related to condition

T1

12.23 ± 2.11

12.25 ± 1.76

0.96*

 

T2

12.06 ± 2.16

7.98 ± 1.61

< 0.001**

 

T3

12.08 ± 2.15

8.53 ± 1.44

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Treatment and complications

T1

28.21 ± 3.37

28.59 ± 3.82

0.6*

 

T2

28.18 ± 3.29

16.02 ± 3.83

< 0.001**

 

T3

28.16 ± 3.43

19.04 ± 4.05

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Enhancing QoL

T1

23.18 ± 5.33

22.51 ± 3.41

0.45*

 

T2

22.82 ± 5.38

13.18 ± 3.20

< 0.001**

 

T3

22.86 ± 5.33

14.79 ± 3.30

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

-Skin care

T1

10.57 ± 2.68

11.67 ± 3.11

0.06*

 

T2

10.45 ± 2.75

6.71 ± 2.24

< 0.001**

 

T3

10.51 ± 2.70

7.37 ± 2.39

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 

Total PLNS

T1

137.23 ± 15.82

138.10 ± 13.48

0.77*

 

T2

136.02 ± 15.97

81.28 ± 15.20

< 0.001**

 

T3

136 ± 16.03

91.65 ± 15.21

< 0.001**

P-value

 

> 0.05***

< 0.05***

 
  1. SD = Standard deviation, QoL = Quality of life, PLNS = Patient learning needs
  2. T1: pre-test, T2: Immediately after the intervention, T3: three months after the intervention
  3. * Independent sample t-test
  4. ** ANOVA test
  5. *** Repeated measures ANOVA