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Table 1 Summary of patient characteristics

From: Associations of anaemia and iron deficiency with health-related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease stage G3b-5 in Japan: sub analysis of the Reach-J CKD cohort study

Patient characteristics

All patients

Anaemia

Iron deficiency

  

Hb levels (g/dL)

TSAT < 20 (%)

TSAT ≥ 20 (%)

< 10

10–12

 > 12

 

Ferritin < 100 (ng/mL)

 ≥ 100

  

More severe anaemia

Mild/moderate anaemia

No anaemia

p-value

Absolute Iron deficiency

Functional Iron deficiency

 

p-value

Number of patients

2,174

254

1,054

866

 

75

22

538

 

Demographics

 Age, years

69 ± 13

71 ± 12

70 ± 12

67 ± 13

 < 0.001

70 ± 12

69 ± 12

69 ± 13

0.972

 Male sex (%)

65

54

58

76

 < 0.001

49

68

61

0.079

 BMI, kg/m2

23.6 ± 4.8

22.6 ± 3.8

23.1 ± 5.4

24.5 ± 4.1

 < 0.001

22.7 ± 3.4

22.3 ± 4.3

22.9 ± 6.4

0.875

 Smoker (current + past) (%)

54

45

51

60

 < 0.001

52

61

53

0.792

Laboratory parameters

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

23.2 ± 10.4

16.3 ± 8.2

19.9 ± 9.2

29.1 ± 9.5

 < 0.001

19.1 ± 9.8

20.9 ± 10.2

19.4 ± 9.5

0.661

 Serum albumin (g/dL)

3.9 ± 0.5

3.7 ± 0.4

3.9 ± 0.4

4.1 ± 0.4

 < 0.001

3.8 ± 0.4

3.7 ± 0.6

3.9 ± 0.4

0.108

 Hb (g/dL)

11.8 ± 1.7

9.3 ± 0.7

11.0 ± 0.6

13.5 ± 1.2

-

11.0 ± 1.5

10.7 ± 1.5

11.2 ± 1.4

0.090

 TSAT (%)

31.4 ± 12.7

30.1 ± 15.4

31.8 ± 12.1

31.4 ± 11.7

0.428

14.3 ± 4.4

14.9 ± 3.9

35.1 ± 10.7

 < 0.001

 Ferritin (ng/mL)

140.4 ± 159.9

151.7 ± 185.4

140.3 ± 156.1

132.2 ± 148.7

0.592

39.7 ± 24.7

206.9 ± 143.0

164.5 ± 172.2

 < 0.001

 CRP (mg/dL)

0.3 ± 0.8

0.4 ± 1.4

0.3 ± 0.7

0.3 ± 0.7

0.096

0.4 ± 0.8

1.2 ± 2.2

0.3 ± 0.7

 < 0.001

Medications (%)

 ESA use

30

64

41

8

 < 0.001

47

41

54

0.292

 IV iron use

0

2

0

0

0.003

4

0

1

0.058

 Oral iron use

9

15

12

5

 < 0.001

33

18

18

0.007

 ESA and IV iron use

0

2

0

0

0.001

3

0

1

0.169

 ESA and any iron use

5

12

7

2

 < 0.001

27

9

10

 < 0.001

Comorbiditiesa

 Diabetes (%)

35

44

36

30

 < 0.001

56

38

34

0.001

 Dyslipidaemia (%)

51

42

51

54

0.003

60

43

51

0.225

 Hypertension (%)

88

88

88

87

0.624

91

86

87

0.733

 Cardiovascular disease (%)b

12

15

14

10

0.029

19

9

14

0.436

 Cerebrovascular disease (%)

14

16

16

11

0.019

22

0

15

0.033

 Cancer (non-skin) (%)

18

22

18

16

0.118

16

20

18

0.885

Hb categories (%)

 < 10 g/dL

12

100

-

-

 

28

32

15

 

 10–12 g/dL

48

-

100

-

 

53

50

61

 

 > 12 g/dL

40

-

-

100

 

19

18

24

 

Iron marker categories (%)

 TSAT < 20 (%) and ferritin < 100 (ng/mL)

12

19

11

10

 

100

-

-

 

 TSAT < 20 (%) and ferritin ≥ 100 (ng/mL)

3

6

3

3

 

-

100

-

 

 TSAT ≥ 20 (%)

85

75

87

88

 

-

-

100

 
  1. Continuous variables were summarized as means with standard deviations. For comparisons, means were analysed using Student's t-test or ANOVA. Categorical variables were reported as frequencies and percentages, and comparisons between groups were conducted using Fisher’s exact test
  2. Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, Hb Haemoglobin, TSAT Transferrin saturation, CRP C-reactive protein, ESA Erythropoietin-stimulating agent, IV Intravenous
  3. aOsteoarticular diseases and respiratory diseases were not included
  4. bIschaemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass surgery, and percutaneous coronary intervention were included. Heart failure, arrhythmia, and valvular heart disease were not included
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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